Mostrando artículos por etiqueta: 2016 publication
Geometric optimization of a solar cubic-cavity multi-tubular reactor
P. J. Valades-Pelayo, C. A. Arancibia-Bulnes, H. Villafan-Vidales, and H. Romero-Paredes
Abstract
A multi-tubular solar thermochemical cavity reactor is proposed and the tubular array optimized. The optimized reactor design aims at operating under different temperatures and carrying out different kinds of thermochemical reactions. The radiation entering the receptacle comes from a solar concentrating system and the reactor consists of a cubic receptacle made of woven graphite, housing nine 2.54 cm diameter tungsten tubes. A model is developed and implemented considering high-temperature radiative transfer at steady state. The temperature distribution within the cavity surfaces is determined by employing a hybrid Monte Carlo-Finite Volume approach. Optimal tube distributions are explored by using a custom-made stochastic, multi-parameter, optimization algorithm. In this way, multiple global maxima are determined. Patterns among all possible optimal tube distributions within the cavity are obtained for different scenarios, by maximizing average tube temperature. From this study, practical guidelines are obtained for future application in the design of solar cavity reactors and more specifically, on the layout of multi tubular arrays to optimize radiative heat transfer.
Geometric optimization of a solar cubic-cavity multi-tubular reactor
Modeling of a CeO2 thermochemistry reduction process for hydrogen production by solar concentrated energy
Julio Valle-Hernández, Hernando Romero-Paredes, Camilo A. Arancibia-Bulnes, Heidi I. Villafan-Vidales, and Gilberto Espinosa-Paredes
Abstract
In this paper the simulation of the thermal reduction for hydrogen production through the decomposition of cerium oxide is presented. The thermochemical cycle for hydrogen production consists of the endothermic reduction of CeO2 at high temperature, where concentrated solar energy is used as a source of heat; and of the subsequent steam hydrolysis of the resulting cerium oxide to produce hydrogen. For the thermochemical process, a solar reactor prototype is proposed; consisting of a cubic receptacle made of graphite fiber thermally insulated. Inside the reactor a pyramidal arrangement with nine tungsten pipes is housed. The pyramidal arrangement is made respect to the focal point where the reflected energy is concentrated. The solar energy is concentrated through the solar furnace of high radiative flux. The endothermic step is the reduction of the cerium oxide to lower-valence cerium oxide, at very high temperature. The exothermic step is the hydrolysis of the cerium oxide (III) to form H2 and the corresponding initial cerium oxide made at lower temperature inside the solar reactor. For the modeling, three sections of the pipe where the reaction occurs were considered; the carrier gas inlet, the porous medium and the reaction products outlet. The mathematical model describes the fluid mechanics; mass and energy transfer occurring therein inside the tungsten pipe. Thermochemical process model was simulated in CFD. The results show a temperature distribution in the solar reaction pipe and allow obtaining the fluid dynamics and the heat transfer within the pipe. This work is part of the project “Solar Fuels and Industrial Processes” from the Mexican Center for Innovation in Solar Energy (CEMIE-Sol).
Modeling of Drift Effects on Solar Tower Concentrated Flux Distributions
Lara-Cerecedo L.O., Moreno-Cruz I., Pitalúa-Diaz, N., Arancibia-Bulnes, C.A.
Abstract
A novel modeling tool for calculation of central receiver concentrated flux distributions is presented, which takes into account drift effects. This tool is based on a drift model that includes different geometrical error sources in a rigorous manner and on a simple analytic approximation for the individual flux distribution of a heliostat. The model is applied to a group of heliostats of a real field to obtain the resulting flux distribution and its variation along the day. The distributions differ strongly from those obtained assuming the ideal case without drift or a case with a Gaussian tracking error function. The time evolution of peak flux is also calculated to demonstrate the capabilities of the model. The evolution of this parameter also shows strong differences in comparison to the case without drift
Modeling of Drift Effects on Solar Tower Concentrated Flux Distributions
Geometric optimization of a solar cubic-cavity multi-tubular thermochemical reactor using a Monte Carlo-finite element radiative transfer model
Valades-Pelayo P.J., Romero-Paredes H., Arancibia-Bulnes C.A., Villafán-Vidales H.I.
Abstract
In the present study, the optimization of a multi-tubular solar thermochemical cavity reactor is carried out. The reactor consists of a cubic cavity made of woven graphite, housing nine 2.54 cm diameter tungsten tubes. A heat transfer model is developed and implemented considering high-temperature radiative transfer at steady state. The temperature distribution on the receiver tubes is determined by using a hybrid Monte Carlo-finite volume approach. The optimization aims at maximizing average tube temperature by varying tube locations. Optimal tube distributions are explored by using a custom-made stochastic, multi-parameter, global optimization algorithm. A considerable increase in average temperature as well as improvement on temperature uniformity is found in the optimized tube arrays. Patterns among the different optimal distributions are found, and general features are discussed
A simple method to achieve a uniform flux distribution in a multi-faceted point focus concentrator
Ricardo Pérez-Enciso, Alessandro Gallo, David Riveros-Rosas, Edward Fuentealba-Vidal, Carlos Pérez-Rábago
Abstract
A method to achieve a uniform flux distribution with a multi-faceted point focus concentrator for laboratory tests is proposed in this work. The method can be applied to different types of receiver - thermal or photovoltaic - and no additional device is required to homogenize the flux. The technique consists in moving the receiver from the focal plane and enlarging the solar spot impinging on it. At the same time, each mirror aim-point is adjusted in order to superimpose the images that have been generated by every facet. To evaluate the method, a real multi-faceted concentrator composed of eighteen spherical mirrors was modeled in a ray-tracing software. The procedure was validated through the comparison of an image of the real solar spot on the receiver generated by three mirrors, and the simulated flux obtained the same way. This way a mean concentrator global optical error of 2.8 mrad was estimated. This value was used then for further analyses. Results show that the concentration factor can be varied in a range of 150–900 suns over a receiver diameter of up to 7 cm. Hence, according to the receiver requirements, it is possible to expand the distribution and to alter the intensity of the flux. Finally, optical parametrical analyses were carried out, from which it is inferred that good quality optics give rise to a more homogeneous solar flux on the receiver.
A simple method to achieve a uniform flux distribution in a multi-faceted point focus concentrator